Articles In Press Vol. 9, No. 4

Volume 9

Articles in press are peer reviewed, accepted articles to be published in this publication. When the final article is assigned to volumes 9, issues 4 of the publication, the article in press version will be removed and the final version will appear in the associated published volumes/issues of the publication.

Air Asia: From Regional to Global

In February 2009, Tony Fernandez, the founder of AirAsia was not bothered by the company’s mass order of 175 new aircraft for its AirAsia-X long-haul services. He could not resist the concern over the aircraft deferment to Thailand and Indonesia in 2011 because of the relocation of the low-cost carrier terminal in Sepang before AirAsia was forced to move to KLIA2. Such a situation would surely increase its operating costs exponentially. He also knew he was facing an economic downturn and the high competition, particularly for his AirAsia-X business. Major rivals of AirAsia-X in the region were Singapore Tiger Airways, Cebu Pacific Air of the Philippines and a global competitor was EasyJet in Europe had just launched aggressive campaigns and promotions which would affect its long-haul business.

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SADAFCO: The Food Basket of GCC

Saudia Dairy and Foodstuff Company as popularly known the SADAFCO [1], is one of the leading companies in the Gulf region and professionally managed supply chain management to ensure food for all. In terms of quality assurance, it obtained International Standard Organisation’s (ISO22000:2005) certificate and enjoyed a competitive advantage in diary industry and milk based products in serving approximately 32000 customers across the GCC region. It also enjoyed a network of distributors without any forward or backward integration strategy to cater the need of the vast markets it serves in UAE, Kuwait, and Bahrain in GCC including Jordon.

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Measuring Workplace Harassment Based on Gender Nonconformity

The rise of research on workplace mistreatment in the past twenty years can be attributed to the realization that workplace mistreatment is associated with a host of deleterious outcomes for both the individual targets of the mistreatment and the organizations in which they work. However, the extant literature is failing to capture the full range of sex-based mistreatment that people may experience through a tendency to focus solely on sexual harassment and sex discrimination, which are very specific types of behavior based on one’s sex and gender stereotypes.

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Customer's Adoption of Mobile Government Services: The Role of Trust and Information Privacy

The purpose of the study is to examine the factors that impact the intention of Saudi citizens to use a mobile government smartphone application (Absher). Saudi Arabia seeks to invest and develop the infrastructure of the government’s mobile services, to be one of the leading countries in the region. Smartphone applications backed by mobile technologies have changed mobile services use which permit anywhere at any time access. Drawing on technology acceptance theories and relevant literature, this study developed and tested a structural model that integrates factors perceived usefulness, perceived ease of use, perceived privacy and trust in order to investigate the predictors of Absher use intention in the Saudi Arabia.

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Short or Long Review? - Text Analytics and Machine Learning Approaches to Online Reputation

This paper first constructs a numerical text review score by applying text analytics and machine learning techniques to more than three million online text reviews collected from the Airbnb platform. Next, we employ the text review score to analyze the effect of review length on text review score and obtain insights on the interplay between the text review length and online reputation. The main contributions of this paper include: experimenting with advanced text analytics and machine learning approaches to assess online reputation; constructing an innovative text review score as a new online reputation measure; building a large knowledge-based review corpus with labels; and obtaining important insights about the effects of text review length on online reputation. Further, it has managerial and business implications for all internet platform markets and the sharing economy players seeking to build more effective online reputation systems.

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Leading Change with Faculty in Higher Education Institution Mergers

Higher education institution administration must identify if there is a need to engage in an academic merger and how to effectively communicate with faculty and incorporate them during the change process. Faculty members in higher education institutions are essential to execute the phases of academic mergers and should be involved throughout the merger process. A qualitative case study of 12 faculty members from 12 different higher education institutions provides faculty perceptions and engagement in higher education institution mergers. The qualitative research data from faculty used in this paper discuss the emergent themes and recommended practices: 1) communication for buy-in, 2) planning for success, and 3) the emotions of disruption

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International Migration of Highly Qualified Housewife Mothers and Their Career Concerns

The purpose of this study was to explore the experiences of highly educated mothers with at least one child who have left their jobs and have immigrated to the UK because of their spouse's job. The study investigates the barriers that these Turkish women may face in the UK. Research on immigrants has been mostly restricted to quantitative methods which rely on statistical data sets. A search of the literature revealed that qualitative studies are rarely used within the field. In order to examine this issue, in-depth interviews were held with 20 Turkish participants who meet the research criteria. Integrating these findings with relevant international migration theories, this study reveals that those highly educated Turkish women with advanced career success who took part in this research have not managed to break the cycle of traditional gender roles.

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Factors Affecting Counterfeit Products Purchase Decision

The purpose of the research was to identify the factors impelling the buyers' attitude towards the purchasing intention of counterfeit products among customers. The conceptual framework is proposed by different studies. All measures used were evaluated in terms of their internal consistency also in terms of discriminant validity and convergent validity to validate the data and the questionnaire. A survey was carried out on the Oman market with 350 respondents. The results of this research found that integrity and social status have a positive relationship and significantly affected the attitude of consumers when they made their purchasing decisions while price consciousness and novelty have a negative relationship with customer attitude.

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Ethiopia: Ugly Mathematical Unit Cost Fiscal Equalization Formula; Beautiful Findings

Grant allocation formulas used to allocate fiscal resources among different tiers of government have proved to be useful in many countries around the world. This article provides a unit cost approach equalization formula that was used in the Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia (FDRE) to transfer resources from the regions to the woredas (districts) in 2007.

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Financial Markets are Not Efficient: Financial Literacy as an Effective Risk Management Tool

This paper advances the view that the deep confidence of market regulators in the assumptions and premises of the Efficient Market Hypothesis (EMH) has led to the underestimation of market risks, thus inactivating the market education of existing and future investors. Hence, they have not responded to financial illiteracy, which exacerbated the recent financial crisis. Investor education may be considered as a systemic risk management tool for future financial crises and, especially, financial literacy can drive a wedge between the regulation and the prevention of severe financial crises based on expected benefits versus losses. This also will help to regain investors’ trust in the market after the crisis and instill investors with more confidence. This approach has not yet received the attention it deserves.

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Estimating Return Volatility of Stock Market Indices: The Case of Boursa Kuwait

This study empirically investigates the conditional variance (volatility) in the daily returns of Boursa Kuwait’s market index, along with seven sectoral indices, for the period of 13 May 2012 to 1 March 2018. The returns results exhibited leptokurtosis, were skewed left, and were not normally distributed; additionally, there was evidence of ARCH effects. The symmetric GARCH model results demonstrated evidence of volatility clustering and persistence; the GARCH-M model results showed a negative relationship between the indices’ returns and risk. The conditional variance (volatility) is affected by positive shocks, leading to positive asymmetric values of EGARCH and negative asymmetric values of TGARCH. From this, it can be inferred that good news has a greater impact on the volatility of index returns than bad news. The research results are crucial for investors, risk forecasters, and policy makers

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Unlocking the Cult of Early-Stage High-Tech Startup Founders

In this paper, we unlock the cult of high-tech startup founders by taking a sample case study and observing various early-stage founders. Performing ethnographic studies has pointed us in the direction to use patents as a qualifier for technological credibility which serves as an inspiration to such startup founders. When the newbie startup founders are seeking funding, they need to define traits of the success laid out by top high-tech companies that were once startups. We observed 300 early-stage high-tech startup founders around the world, while some of them were in college, some quit college and others start after getting substantial work experience. The high-tech startup world is full of innovative ideas to solve big problems and introduce the workable tech solution to their respective markets. We performed a case study of an early-stage startup that won an innovation challenge and how they struggled to reach credibility and revenue success. Overall, we define this outcome as a cult among the early-stage high-tech startup founders while unlocking revenue success, patenting to scale innovation and human element.

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The Green New Deal, Financial Statements and the Accounting Profession

Climate change is real and immediate. The Green New deal (GND) is a set of policies, measures, events and actions designed to bring about systemic change to counter the effects of the catastrophic effects of climate change. These policies, measures, events and actions will deeply impact the accounting profession and the financial statements, since it aims to transform the US economy in a sustainable way by focusing on the long term. This article discusses the effects of GND on financial reporting and disclosure.

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Is Affirmative Action Still Necessary? Analysis of Minority-Working Adults’ Perceptions

This study analyzes the perceptions protected class employees in terms of the affirmative action in employment. Utilizing a sample of 151 protected class working adults, data analysis provided mixed support to the stated hypotheses which suggested that affirmative action had eliminated most discriminatory practices in corporate America. The results of this study answer the question of this study asserting the necessity of the affirmative action.

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Motivation and Performance: A Psychological Process

The achievement of a workplace entirely depends on the skill of managers that how to offer a motivating environment to its employees. The performance of a workplace entirely depends upon employee motivation which is a crucial element in creating an amicable environment for producing optimal performance. Employee motivation is highly responsible in stimulating workplace harmony, commitment and overall employee performance at the workplace. It is decisive in relating to long term benefits for the organization.

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Connectivity at Work: Looking at a Spiritual Model to Improve Relationships at Work and Integrate Spiritual Tenants into Business Processes

With the COVID pandemic impacting our current business networks, discussing spirituality in the workplace has become the forefront of how we do business. The need for human connectivity in current times plays an even more significant role in the makeup of how people work. Workplace spirituality is a reasonably new paradigm that has gained an amplified interest in the past two decades with academics and the corporate world

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Leadership Disruption: Time to Reimagine Leadership Talent

The purpose of this article is to first identify the major drivers of the disruption. Secondly, to examine leadership through Humanocracy termed by Hamel and Zanini [1]. Third, there is a conversation around being able to adapt to the speed of change through a process of hyper-learning, that transitions to hyper-leading [2, 3]. Finally, as all great writing connects to theories, this article will include IQ, EQ, CQ, and LQ and their relevancy to leading through disruption.

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The Impact of the Coronavirus (Sars-Cov-2) Lockdown on Crime in New York and London, March-June 2020: A Comparative Study

The objective of this paper is to assess the relationship between The Spring 2020 COVID-19 Lockdown and the levels of crime in New York City (NYC) and London. Our proposition, derived from the Routine Activity Theory (RAT), the ‘breaches’ theory and input from the 2020 research on lockdown and crime, hypothesised that lockdown measures would lead to reductions in crime. The crime categories selected for this study were: homicide, rape, robbery, violence against a person, burglary, theft and vehicle theft. T-test, F-test and the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) regression calculations were used to test the hypotheses. The four-month lockdown period in 2020 produced a 15% and 31% crime reduction in NYC and London, respectively.

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Challenges in Big Data Analytics and Cloud Computing

The advancement of technology has brought up so many elements of ease for human beings that now humans cannot afford to think of a life without all these. But all is not about ease and comfort. Along with all these elements, there are many modern complexities as well as challenges too. Big data analytics and cloud computing are among the elements in which we face many challenges. This document discusses some of the challenges in big data analytics and cloud computing.

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Do We Need a New Leadership Paradigm Due to Covid-19?

Explores whether the changing context of COVID-19 requires new leadership skills in organizations and, perhaps even, a new context-specific leadership theory. Fourteen professional blogs and reports related to leadership skills and practices in response to COVID-19, published in the professional online literature during the height of the pandemic (March 16 - December 20, 2020) were reviewed in terms of suggested new leadership style dimensions and contrasted with the tenets of existing academic leadership theories. The proponents of an emerging leadership style advocate that in dealing with the pandemic, leaders must be able to manage their organizations in turbulent times, lead a distributed workforce of individuals and teams, and become a resilient leader themselves.

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The Influence and Interplay of Emotional Intelligence and Leadership Type on Early Childhood Educators’ Organizational Commitment

The purpose of this study was to assess the influence of emotional intelligence on the organizational commitment of early childhood educators. Organizational commitment and its precursor, job satisfaction, have gained relevance because of routinely high industry of turnover. The interplay among educators’ job satisfaction, organizational commitment, and supervisors’ leadership type were secondarily assessed. A valid and reliable survey was administered to educators in the southeastern United States. Although select dimensions were correlated, no significant relationship was found between educators’ overall emotional intelligence and organizational commitment.

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Integrating Model of Resilience, Engagement, and Motivation

Over the past 70 years, resilience, engagement, and motivation (REM) studies have largely developed as independent theoretical and research disciplines. Yet, in conducting a thorough literature review of these three work-related fields, we discovered that they share some identical or similar concepts, e.g., self-efficacy. We also discovered that concepts from these three fields of study could be integrated into a more comprehensive research model. That model can then be used to provide a prescription to help managers improve their employees’ and their organizations’ outcomes of performance, productivity, quality, etc.

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The Role of IT in Automating the Business Processes in Retail Sector with Reference to Enterprise Resource Planning

The information technology plays an important role as an enabler in retail industry to automate the business processes. The companies had identified that without the involvement of information technology the businesses cannot move forward with smooth running of business operations. With the advent of latest technologies in the field of information technology, companies are managing the business processes in more effective and efficient way. It is important to identify the importance of technological trends that had enabled the business processes to smoothen the operations such as technological enabler of the retail industry and its overall contribution to the sector as a whole. Enterprise Resource Planning, as the concept suggests, it can play a vital role in dealing with daily processes of the company. The importance of the Enterprise Resource Planning can deal with more challenging factors that a company faces and how well they can automate the processes is an advantage to the company at large.

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A Study of Competitive Advantage through Training and Development in Hospitality Industry with special reference to The Imperial, New Delhi

The focus of the research was to study the usefulness of training programs conducted by The Imperial, identifying the techniques of training being provided to the employees and giving recommendations for the future training programs so as to increase the competitive advantage to the organization. Primary and secondary data were used for collecting information. The primary data was put together with the help of a standardized questionnaire administered to 82 employees selected through simple convenience sampling technique. The questionnaire measured the responses of the employees’ pre and posts the training program on Likert scale to check the effectiveness of the training programs organized by the hotel. SPSS has been used and Individual Sample T test and Paired T test has been used to find the result which shows that the training and development programs organized by The Imperial is effective and there is no difference in the perceived quality of male and female respondents towards training and development of the hotel.

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Indian Women at Workplace: Coping with “Role boundedness” through “Hardiness”

Stress has become a matter of concern in the present post-globalization world which has brought in enormous changes in the ways organizations work, the professionals’ work-style and pattern, extended working hours, meeting deadlines, added roles and responsibilities, role overload and ambiguities; and cultural and technological changes. Researchers have demonstrated a gender variation with respect to coping with role stressors or stressful life events.

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The Virtual Transformational Leadership Development Experience: Creating a Classroom of the Future

In response to a new set of challenges facing universities today—developing the next generation of leaders while integrating existing and emerging technologies to transform learning spaces—a team at Penn State University conducted research that culminated in the Virtual Transformational Leadership Development (VTLD) Experience, a course that addresses these challenges in a virtual format. The research examined the contribution of the arts, in conjunction with immersive technologies, towards promoting student engagement. Student interviews indicated that the creation of high impact practices revolving around the arts ultimately generates a memorable and involved experience that more frequently includes topics of social relevancy such as racial equity. Furthermore, the pairing of these methods with relevant and emerging technologies, such as artificial intelligence (AI) and virtual reality (VR), effectively creates an educational experience that more personally suits a student’s needs in this type of transformational course.

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The Online Professor Today: From Isolation and Depression to Connected and Thriving

The online professor today is part of a high-risk group of workers experiencing adverse physical and mental symptoms that were unknown a decade ago. Depression, isolation, divorce, diabetes, antisocial behavior, PTSD, chronic pain, and even suicide is among crises happening now within this population segment once highly revered, yet few studies exist that determine how quickly the declination is occurring and if remedies from mainstream healthcare professionals are being offered; and if so, the degree of healing. Amelioration is often approached from an opposite perspective--meaning, change the behavior and the mindset change follows suit, as modeled by Alcoholics Anonymous, Weight Watchers, and Kaplan. New research, innovation, and application shows there is a surprising disconnect for achieving long-term and fulfilling change, in contrast to practiced methods in conventional healthcare. Subsequently, this research posits that change begins first with the mind, and after we better understand how identities and beliefs produce automated habits, behaviors once hazardous can be transformed into health and happiness.

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Saving Employee Engagement: Emergent Strategies in Response to Externally Mandated Change

This study discusses critical strategic factors associated with concerns over implementation of the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA) mandate of December 2016. Emergent Human Resources (HR) strategies developed by human resource managers were investigated, as well as how these managers influenced issues directly linked with employee engagement, communication, employee status, and organizational responses. Interviews were facilitated less than four months prior to the mandate’s implementation. Investigators found the FLSA mandate created concerns for human resource managers based on current organizational practices, compensation, and bonus structures, as well as employee morale challenges. Specific findings included a desire for organizational communication concerning changes due to the mandate, but a universal lack of strategic planning or implementation of a process to preserve employee engagement.

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Exploring the Teacher Behaviors that Influence High School Student’s Class Participation in the UAE

Teachers are entrusted with the responsibility of ensuring teaching and learning takes place in the classroom; several challenges exist, however, that influence the degree to which teachers may find success in teaching and learning. This phenomenological case-study explored the perceptions of six high school science teachers concerning the teacher behaviors that influence high school student’s classroom participation within the Emirati private educational system. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with purposefully sampled participants; data was analyzed via content analysis, which employed utilized multiple stages of coding: open, axial, and thematic.

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Unsustainable Family Business in Saudi Arabia - The Roadmap Ahead

Family businesses play a crucial role in the global economy. The GCC especially the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia occupies a significant place in the global economic pie. It offers many employment opportunities to the Saudi and non-Saudi nationals and contributes a significantly to the GDP. According to the government sources there are an estimated 538,000 family businesses in the Kingdom and together this family business cluster contributes approximately 216 billion dollars to the national GDP and provides employments to approximately 7.2 million workers that constitute about 52 percent of the total workforce.

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Impact of Organisational Politics on Employee Turnover and Employee Performance

The Power is one’s ability to influence other people. Influence is the process of affecting the person mentally or emotionally. When employees in an organization convert their powers into action politics comes into existence. Those with good political skills have the ability to use their bases of power vigorously. Politics concerns to the ways people gain and use power. Thus, organizational politics means the use of energy, strength and influence in organizations. Many researches have been conducted in various sectors to demonstrate the impact of Organizational Politics (OP).

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Contemporary Entrepreneurship: Change process - Leadership – Innovation

Change management is a key issue for the survival and realization of organizational objectives in today's business environment, which is changing in different ways. Change has become a necessary constant for companies that need to change in order to remain competitive in the market. The ability to manage this change is seen as a basic skill of successful enterprises in contemporary entrepreneurship. These changes are undoubtedly manifested both locally and internationally. Economic globalization as an integrator has caused these two levels to merge into one, causing the difference between them to fade. This integration has been very intense lately

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The Joint Effect of Institutional Profile and National Innovation System on the types of Entrepreneurship

While prior research has uncovered the impact of some national institutions on the general level of entrepreneurship in a country, there is still limited knowledge about the role of the institutional arrangements of a country on specific types of entrepreneurial activities, namely necessity versus opportunity entrepreneurship. To address this gap, we conduct a multilevel analysis using a sample of 10776 individuals from 55 diverse countries to examine how institutional factors (i.e., countries’ institutional profile and national innovation system) impact entrepreneur’s choice of pursuing a specific type of entrepreneurship.

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Hyper-Leading in an era of Hyper-Change

It is change, continuing change, inevitable change that is the dominant factor in society today. No sensible decision can be made any longer without considering not only the world as it is, but the world as it will be. One of the key challenges for future leaders is to effectively and constructively lead change that is taking place both within organizations and in the broader social and political spheres. It is not past patterns of change that matter, it is that the nature of change is changing. As hyper-change alters the governing domain, leaders will be forced to change the ways they govern and lead – enter hyper-leaders.

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Framework to Create Employee Engagement Culture in Saudi Banks

Employee engagement has attracted widespread interest over the past twenty years from the practitioner network and researchers. It is claimed that organizations that focus on growing an engagement culture will result in increasing employee productiveness, the fulfilment of the organizational objectives, and competent employee retention. However, the fundamental issues revolving around the meaning and key antecedents of employee engagement nevertheless require similar research interest

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Analysis of the Price Change of the Azerbaijani Oil of Azeri Light, using the Monte-Carlo Method in the Conditions of Uncertainty

This article examines the uncertain conditions of the oil industry in and post crisis period in Azerbaijan Republic in 2015-2017 and during COVID-19 in 2020.The author, compiling the forecast for the chosen methodology, clarified forecast for 2018 of oil price of Azerbaijani oil brand Azeri Light in an uncertain environment, and made forecast for coming years, based on these calculations.

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Factors Swaying Inspiration of Employees Performance in the Insurance Companies of Bangladesh: A Comparative Analysis Between Demographic Forces and Components of Organizational Commitment

This empirical study has been conducted through an explanatory survey design. A survey with a structured questionnaire has been conducted for collecting primary data. A convenient random sampling technique was used to collect primary data for examining the relationship between the dependent and independent variables. It means the relationship between the three components of organizational commitment and inspiration of employees’ performance; demographic factors and inspiration of employees’ performance in the insurance companies of Bangladesh. A total number of 400 structured questionnaires were distributed and received back with properly filled 378 questionnaires that were statistically used for analysis. The statistical software SPSS (IBM 26) has been used for input and processing raw data into hypothetical final results. Descriptive statistics, binary correlation, multiple regression analysis, and lastly One-Way-ANOVA have been used step by step to test the hypothetical research results.

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New Education Policy 2020 of India: A Theoretical Analysis

Education has a key and decisive role in this scenario of contingencies. The National Education Policy 2020 has therefore been transformed into the framework of this reform, which could help to build a new education system in the country, in addition to strengthening those economic and social indicators. That still needs to be improved. NEP 2020 provides for quality higher education through multidisciplinary universities and autonomous colleges. We have critically examined the policy in this paper and proposed changes to ensure a seamless continuum with its predecessor in addition to its predecessor, boosting its importance. The current paper describes the analysis of the requirements for NEP 2020 provisions and management practices at the university level. Recommendations are made for the design and implementation of NEPs at national and HEIs (Higher Education levels).

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International Anti-Money Laundering Measures and Professional

Money laundering is one of the biggest and the fastest growing problems in the contemporary world. It is seen that in legitimate economy most of the dirty money i.e. 38.6% comes from the investment fraudulent schemes, bankruptcy fraud and corporate frauds whereas, 27.5% comes from drug trafficking. This rising trend of money laundering and other financial frauds are due to several reasons, which include the activities in businesses that do not comply with professional ethics. The current research is a qualitative research that has used secondary data to derive the results. Because the study followed a deductive approach, the results of the study have been derived by utilising the existing theories and established data from published literature and different reports. The analysis of the obtained data has been conducted in the form of content analysis to attain the objectives of the current study.

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Improving Quality in Primary Care: A Model for Change

Health care spending accounts for 17.7% of the gross domestic product in the United States, and it is expected to continue rising at an annual rate of 5.3%. Despite high costs, health care quality lags behind other high-income countries; yet, over 70% of change initiatives fail. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies primary care leaders use for implementing quality improvement initiatives to improve patient outcomes and reduce waste in primary care facilities. The target population consisted of 3 health care leaders of 3 primary care facilities in southern California who successfully implemented quality improvement initiatives. The conceptual framework for this study was Kotter’s 8-step of change management. Data were collected through face-to-face semi-structured interviews with senior health care leaders, document review, and quality reports. Patterns were identified through a rigorous process of data familiarization, data coding, and theme development and revision. Interpretations from the data were subjected to member-checking to ensure trustworthiness of the findings. Four themes emerged from this study: communication, leadership support, inclusive decision-making, and employee recognition.

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Innovative Strategies for Small Retail Companies' Sustainability

Forty-one percent of small American retail companies fail to succeed beyond 5 years. The purpose of this multiple case study is to explore strategies small retail business owners need for sustainability beyond 5 years. This study's data were collected through face-to-face interviews with 4 small successful retail business owners located in the United States southeastern region. Based on the conceptual framework of Schumpeter’s innovation theory, the paper provides 3 strategies that may prevent failure and lead to small business sustainability: passion and determination, market development and customer satisfaction, and business model innovation.

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Strategic Policies for a Sustainable World

Based on the strategic needs of countries around the world, we propose some strategic policies that reflect the global needs of white spaces of innovation and establish territories of innovation for ecosystems, and a very important advance for human kind in social innovation.

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Successful Strategies for Using Knowledge Management in Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises

The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies that managers of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) use to effectively integrate knowledge management (KM) into business practices. The study population comprised of five managers from two SMEs operating in Uganda. The eligibility criteria were that participants had to be managers from Ugandan SMEs with a knowledge-intensive environment, with some responsibility of KM in the organization, and experienced with at least 1 year of successful KM practices. The conceptual framework for this study was theory z. Data were collected through face-to-face, semi-structured interviews, and reviews of company documents. Member checking was completed to strengthen credibility and trustworthiness.

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Residential House Prices, Commercial Real Estate Lending and Bank Failures

We investigate factors leading to bank failures during and after the Great Recession and banking crisis (2008–2015). The FHFA residential real estate house price index (HPI) for each of the 9 Census regions is used to interact with bank mortgage loans and bank financial statement variables. We find that these variables isolate different regional effects on the likelihood of a bank failing. Since we use changes from region to region, we find that regional location and HPI changes have an effect on banks’ commercial lending activity. Other more traditional and associated factors, like construction and land development lending or multifamily real estate lending, similarly explain bank failures during the main period of the banking crisis. By using this approach we better isolate the relationship between residential house prices and builders’ and land developers’ desire to borrow and the willingness of banks to concentrate portfolio lending in commercial real estate.

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Fraud in Nonprofit Organizations: How to Mitigate it?

In the United States, nonprofit organizations lose at least $40 billion every year because of fraud. Fraud negatively affects nonprofit organizations’ productivity. Nonprofit managers need effective strategies to prevent fraud, increase trust among stakeholders, and ensure longevity. The purpose of this multiple case study was to explore strategies to mitigate fraud in nonprofit organizations. The conceptual framework of this study was Cressey’s fraud triangle theory. Data of this study were collected through interview questions from 4 top successful managers of nonprofit organizations in Maryland. The emerging themes after data analysis were ethics and regulatory compliance, transformational leadership, and managerial skills

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The Great Resignation: An Argument for Hybrid Leadership

The purpose of this article is to contribute to past research conducted as it relates to the leadership competencies and attributes promoting social interaction that influence employee retention in virtual and hybrid work environments. A quantitative study involving 304 workers across a diverse group of industries, divided amongst face-to-face, hybrid, and virtual work environments suggested that social interaction was a significant predictor of job embeddedness in hybrid (β = .15, t(96) = 2.16, p < .05 and virtual (β = .33, t(86) = 7.96, p < .05) work groups.

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Tech Companies and Social Justice: The Pandemic Race for Diversity, Access and Inclusion Moves Online

The purpose of this study is to outline the actions that CEOs are taking to communicate about diversity commitment and accountability as defined by the literature, among tech organizations, making the Diversity Inc. 2021 Top 50 Companies for Diversity list. A qualitative content analysis of CEO diversity statements publicly published by four tech companies cited for ‘diversity,’ identifies leadership diversity actions as building trust, actively working against discrimination and subordination, embracing a wide range of styles and voice, and making cultural differences a resource for learning. These CEO statements were coded for moral legitimacy or the lack thereof. The author found symbolic evidence of moral legitimacy, four leadership perspectives on behavioral change and cultural shift, as well as, similarities and differences in communication practices. These findings will help practitioners craft diversity statements that offer substantive expressions of inclusive actions.

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Strategies for Developing Trust in Virtual Project Teams

Organizational leaders often fail to use the trust building strategies necessary for the successful implementation of virtual project teams (VPTs). Grounded in Meyerson et al.’s swift trust theory, the purpose of this qualitative single case study was to explore strategies project team leaders (PTLs) and project management office leaders in charitable nonprofit organizations leverage to effectively develop trust in VPTs. The participants were six PTLs and project management office leaders from a charitable nonprofit organization in the Washington, DC metropolitan area. Data were collected through semistructured interviews and a review of the organizational documentation. Data analysis occurred through a thematic approach. The major themes emerging from the study were trust, leadership, communication, and technology. A key recommendation is for leaders to create an environment conducive to effective communication and the right technology to facilitate the collaboration and work efforts of the team. The implications for positive social change include the potential for nonprofit organizations to effectively utilize VPTs in support of humanitarian and disaster relief projects for the benefit of people and communities around the world.

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The Benefits of Innovation for Small Businesses

The purpose of this qualitative multiple case study was to explore strategic managerial tools small business owners or managers use to sustain growth over time through Schumpeter’s innovation theory. Five small business owners located in North America were interviewed through face-to-face open-ended interview questions. The results from data analysis collected through interview responses indicated that small business owners or managers attested that their businesses were developed when using innovation as a strategic managerial tool. By contrast, small business owners or managers agreed that the lack of using innovation and understanding the reality of the current business context had an adverse impact on business growth. The findings of this study may also provide small business leaders or managers with critical information to ensure success and better understand strategies small businesses need for long-term growth.

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Innovation in Family Business Syllabus: The Case of the American University in Cairo

Teaching family business has been trending in some European and American business schools. This trend has very limited existence in all Egyptian, and Arab business schools. This manuscript presents the experience of the family business course at American university in Cairo (AUC) which started in 2017, and is still in the evolution phase in spring 2020. The article starts by shedding light on the concept of family business, and its importance in the economy. This is followed by addressing the literature of family business education on the global level, and its status in Egypt, and the Arab world. Moving forward to the micro level of the AUC, through discussing the origins of the family business course inception as a pillar in the school of business strategy, and then the evolution of the syllabus from spring 2017 till spring 2020. The details of the course from pedagogy to assessments, guidelines, and rubrics are explained

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A Phenomenological Study on Nurses' Perception of Compensation Received During Covid-19 Pandemic

The Covid-19 pandemic has created intense pressure on our society and the economy in many ways. Many industries were severely impacted, especially the healthcare industry. In this study, we conducted a qualitative phenomenological study to learn about the nurses' perception of their compensation during the pandemic. Since nurses are the critical front-line workers during the pandemic, it is vital to ensure their well-being in many aspects. Our study can help to improve the quality of the healthcare system at the same time, lower the turnover. During COVID-19, the nurses have been facing intense pressure on their mental health at work. Moreover, they believe that there should be more incentive in terms of financial and recognition for their work and receive more care from upper management.

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The Impact of Transformational Leadership on the Self-Creative Efficacy and Intrinsic Motivation in FINTECH Organizations

The generation of innovation initiatives within companies is a preponderant share for the development and growth of business lines, as it helps to improve the market shares and competitiveness since these come to be implemented and the FINTECH organizations are no exception. However, some companies have not encouraged these dynamic works, hence the need to identify which elements and type of workers contribute to generate these actions. To do this, it becomes necessary to analyze how transformational leadership, self-creative efficacy, and intrinsic motivation within organizations are given and how with these characteristic’s companies create value. Even from the literature review, it was identified that the so-called theory of dynamic capabilities provides a framework to understand that organizations constantly must evolve their resources if they wish to remain competitive in industries that have participation.

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Successful Strategies to Sustain Profits from Tourism Following a Hurricane

The generation of innovation initiatives within companies is a preponderant share for the development and growth of business lines, as it helps to improve the market shares and competitiveness since these come to be implemented and the FINTECH organizations are no exception. However, some companies have not encouraged these dynamic works, hence the need to identify which elements and type of workers contribute to generate these actions. To do this, it becomes necessary to analyze how transformational leadership, self-creative efficacy, and intrinsic motivation within organizations are given and how with these characteristic’s companies create value. Even from the literature review, it was identified that the so-called theory of dynamic capabilities provides a framework to understand that organizations constantly must evolve their resources if they wish to remain competitive in industries that have participation.

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Leadership First: Reimagining DEI Together

This article is a thoughtful integrative compilation of literature from scholars well known in their field of diversity, equity, and inclusion all of whom have brought welcome changes for the next generations. There is a new look to DEI and leadership matters. Even prior to the pandemic, the future of work was unfolding. Organizations continue to focus on digitalization, remote work, employee empowerment and workforce diversity. Similarly, leaders are reinventing themselves to transform through the ability to traverse a path of immense changes adapting to global trends and consumer preferences.

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The Impact of the Covid-19 Pandemic on Boursa Kuwait Return Volatility

The main objective of this research is to detect the impact of COVID-19 on return volatility of Boursa Kuwait main indexes using EGARCH and TGARCH models on the daily data from the All Share, Premier and Main indexes. The mean return during COVID-19 from February 24 to August 31, 2020, for the three indexes was negative with a high volatility value in the standard deviation compared to a positive return and low standard deviation for the period January 2, 2019, to February 23, 2020. Both periods’ returns for the market indexes exhibited negative skewness, large kurtosis values and abnormal distributions. There were significant EGARCH negative values during the COVID-19 period in the All Share and Premier indexes indicating leverage effects.

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